🔼WISH AND IF ONLY FOR REGRETS🔽

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➔ Function: 

The expressions 'I wish' and 'If only' are used in English to express wishes and regrets about things that may happen in the future or may have happened in the past.

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➔ Grammar:

Wish and ‘If only’ are both used to talk about regrets – things that we would like to change either about the past or the present.

Use of I wish / if only:

There are three distinct types of  I wish / if only  sentences:

1. Wish, wanting change for the present or future with the simple past.
2. Regret with the past perfect.
3. Complaints with would + verb.

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➔ Structure and Examples:

Expressing a wish:

Form:

If only / I wish + simple past

Example:

If only I knew how to use a computer. 

(I don’t know how to use a computer and I would like to learn how to use it)

Use:

• To express a wish in the present or in the future.

• The simple past here is an unreal past.

• When you use the verb to be the form is “were”. 

Example:

I wish I were a millionaire!

Expressing regret:

Form:

If only / I wish + past perfect

Example:

If only I had woken up early. 

(I didn't wake up early and I missed my bus.)

Use:

• To express a regret.

Complaining:

Form:

I wish / if only + would + verb

Example:

I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the time (I'm annoyed because you always come late and I want you to arrive on time)

Use:

• To complain about a behavior that you disapprove.

• Expressing impatience, annoyance or dissatisfaction with a present action.

• The action is past.

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➔Exercices:

1. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. I wish I  (study) harder.

2. My friends invited me to a party, but I didn't go. I wish I  (go) to the party with them.

3. My car is old but I can't afford a new one. If only I  (can) afford a new car.

4. My sister phoned me but I wasn't at home. I wish I  (be) in.

5. My dog needs to go for a walk, but I haven't got time right now. If only I  (have) more free time.
6. If I want to be promoted, I need to speak a foreign language. I wish I  (can) speak French.

7. If I were younger, I would be able to play tennis. If only I  (be) younger.

8. If I had more children, I wouldn't be so lonely. If only I  (have) more children.

9. If I wanted to go to the cinema, I would need some money. If only I  (have) some money.

10. If he had gone out earlier, he wouldn't have missed the flight. He wishes he  (go) out earlier. 

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🔼INFINITIVE  CLAUSESE WITH IMPERSONAL IT🔽

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➔ Function: 

“IT” is used to replace a clause or phrase at the the beginning of a sentences:

When an INFINITIVE is a subject of a sentence, we usually begin the sentence with “it” and put infinitive later.

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➔ Grammar: 

We use it's (not) + adjective+ infinitive clause when we want to use the adjective to discribe an action or situation. 

This means the same as using the geround as a subject.

It´s important to eat properly= Eating properly is important.

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➔ Structure: 

 

IT´S  (NOT)	ADJECTIVE	INFINITVE CLAUSE
It’s	Important	To eat properly.
	Good	To get in shape.
	Better	To speak to a professional.
	Essential	To get some sleep.

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➔ Examples:

⟹ It´s necessary to riview the topics at home.

⟹ It´s  better to know when the test will be.

⟹  It´s essential to attend clases.

⟹ It´s important to ask in class about the topics seen.

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➔ Exercices:

MATCH THE PROBLEMS 1-6 WITH THE SOLUTIONS a-f.

1. I haven´t gotten any interviews yet.                   a) Its´s better not to move it too much

2. I´ve been putting on a lot of weight recently     b) It´s not good to drive so much. Try to                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           walk more

3. I´m not sure what I want to study                      c) It´s important to consider what career you want l                                                                                     later

4. What skills do I need to be an engineer?           d) It´s  better to put a bandage on it.

5. Ouch! I have a small cut.                                   e) It´s essential to have a degree in math

6. I pulled a muscle this morning                           f) It´s difficult to get a job right now, but don´t give                                                                                     up!

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